National GDP has actually doubled since independence. Unemployment and underemployment are serious problems. About one-half of the country's 16 million people are concentrated in a few urban zones strung along the major transportation corridors, while rural areas are under-populated. Zambia itself is one of Sub-Saharan Africa's most highly urbanized countries.
The government has succeeded in reducing the cost of doing business, but other important indicators of the business environment, such as restrictions on trade and government and judicial integrity have deteriorated. Recently, Zambia was ranked 7th by Forbes as the best country for doing business among 54 African countries. Furthermore, Zambia is ranked the 8th most competitive country in Africa on the Global Competitiveness Index. Zambia is currently ranked 8th in Africa, 5th in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and 4th in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa ( COMESA) in terms of the ease of doing business. Zambia's economic performance has stalled in recent years due to declining copper prices, significant fiscal deficits, and energy shortages. Through the first decade of the 21st century, the economy of Zambia was one of the fastest growing economies in Africa and its capital, Lusaka the fastest growing city in the Southern African Development Community (SADC).
Zambia is a developing country and it achieved middle-income status in 2011.
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